What is Eid ul-Fitr?

Eid ul-Fitr, often known as the “Festival of Breaking the Fast,” marks the end of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting. For Sunni Muslims around the world, including those following the Barelvi tradition or Dawat-e-Islami, Eid ul-Fitr is a time of immense joy and gratitude. The festival signifies the culmination of a month-long period of self-discipline, reflection, and spiritual cleansing. It is a day when communities come together to offer thanks to Allah, reaffirm their faith, and share the blessings of life with family and friends.

Historically, the origins of Eid ul-Fitr trace back to the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who instituted this celebration as a means to thank Allah for the strength and perseverance shown during Ramadan. Over centuries, the festival has absorbed cultural nuances from various Muslim regions, yet its core purpose—to celebrate the end of fasting and to spread peace—remains unchanged.

Why is Eid ul-Fitr Celebrated?

Eid ul-Fitr is celebrated for several important reasons:

1. Spiritual Renewal and Gratitude

After a month of fasting, prayer, and introspection, Eid ul-Fitr is a day to express gratitude for the strength and guidance received during Ramadan. The festival acts as a spiritual reset, allowing believers to start afresh with renewed hope and commitment to their faith.

2. Charity and Social Solidarity

One of the primary components of Eid ul-Fitr is the giving of Zakat al-Fitr. This form of charity ensures that even the less fortunate can partake in the festivities. Sunni traditions—particularly those advocated by Dawat-e-Islami and scholars like Ala Hazrat—emphasize the importance of community welfare, ensuring that every member feels valued and supported.

3. Community and Family Bonding

Eid ul-Fitr is not only a religious occasion but also a time for community and family bonding. It is customary for families to gather, exchange greetings, and share sumptuous meals, reinforcing the ties that bind the community together.

4. Cultural Significance

Across different cultures, Eid ul-Fitr has acquired varied names and traditions. Despite these regional differences, the central message of peace, gratitude, and joy remains consistent. Sunni scholars often remind their followers that the essence of the festival lies in its unifying power—drawing people together regardless of geographical or cultural barriers.

When is Eid ul-Fitr Celebrated?

The timing of Eid ul-Fitr is determined by the lunar Islamic calendar. It falls on the first day of Shawwal, the month that immediately follows Ramadan. Because the Islamic calendar is lunar-based, the exact date varies each year and is determined by the sighting of the new moon.

For example, in many Sunni communities—including those following the Dawat-e-Islami movement—the announcement of Eid is made after the confirmed sighting of the moon. This method, rooted in the traditions of early Islamic scholars, reflects the authenticity and adherence to prophetic practices. Some regions, especially within the Barelvi community, may have local moon-sighting committees to determine the start of Eid ul-Fitr, ensuring that the community’s religious practices are both precise and authentic.

What to Do on Eid ul-Fitr

Eid ul-Fitr is rich in traditions and rituals. Here’s a detailed guide on what to do on this auspicious day:

Morning Rituals: The Eid Salah

• Eid Prayer (Eid Salah): The day begins with a special congregational prayer, which is a hallmark of Eid ul-Fitr. In many Sunni mosques—including those associated with Dawat-e-Islami and the teachings of Ala Hazrat—the prayer is led by an imam who delivers a sermon (khutbah) that emphasizes gratitude, reflection, and the importance of community service.
• Ghusl and New Clothes: Before heading to the mosque, it is customary to perform a full-body ritual cleansing (ghusl) and dress in one’s finest attire. New clothes symbolize a fresh start and reflect the inner renewal experienced after Ramadan.

Charity: Zakat al-Fitr

• Obligatory Charity: Before the day of Eid, every Muslim is required to pay Zakat al-Fitr. This donation is meant to help those in need and to ensure that everyone in the community can enjoy the celebrations.
• Community Support: Many Sunni scholars, especially within the Barelvi and Dawat-e-Islami circles, emphasize the significance of this act as a means to eliminate poverty and promote social harmony.

Family and Social Gatherings

• Feasting: Post the Eid Salah, families gather for a lavish meal. Traditional dishes vary by region, but many Sunni families celebrate with sweet delicacies such as Seviyan (sweet vermicelli), Kheer (rice pudding), Gulab Jamun, and Halwa. In some communities, the festival is even referred to as “Meethi Eid” or “Sweet Eid.”
• Exchanging Greetings: The customary greeting “Eid Mubarak” is exchanged among family, friends, and even strangers, spreading an atmosphere of joy and goodwill.
• Visiting Relatives and Neighbors: It is also common to visit relatives and friends, strengthening community bonds and rekindling familial ties.

Festive Activities

• Shopping and Decorations: The night before Eid, known as Chaand Raat, is marked by bustling bazaars where families shop for gifts, new clothes, and festive decorations. This pre-Eid celebration sets a joyful tone for the next day.
• Cultural Programs and Community Events: In many Sunni communities, local mosques and community centers organize cultural programs, fairs, and exhibitions that showcase the rich heritage of Islamic traditions.

How to Perform the Eid ul-Fitr Rituals

Eid ul-Fitr is steeped in rituals that must be performed with sincerity and reverence. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Preparation the Night Before:
   • Chaand Raat: On the night before Eid, families come together to observe the moon and finalize their preparations. It is a night filled with excitement as families buy new clothes and sweets.
   • Spiritual Reflection: Many Sunni scholars advise spending this time in reflection and recitation of the Quran, preparing the mind and soul for the upcoming day.
2. Morning of Eid:
   • Ghusl: Begin the day with a thorough bath (ghusl) to cleanse the body and soul.
   • Dressing in New Clothes: Wear new or your best available clothes, symbolizing a fresh start.
   • Performing Eid Salah: Head to the mosque or an open field early in the morning to participate in the Eid prayer. It is recommended to arrive early to secure a good spot in the congregation.
3. Giving Zakat al-Fitr:
   • Charity Before the Prayer: Ensure you give Zakat al-Fitr before performing the Eid Salah. This donation should be distributed to those in need within your community.
   • Fulfilling the Obligation: Many Sunni scholars, including those from the Dawat-e-Islami movement, stress that the act of charity not only fulfills a religious duty but also purifies one’s wealth.
4. Post-Prayer Activities:
   • Gathering with Family: After the prayers, join your family for a hearty meal and exchange greetings.
   • Social Outreach: Extend your hand in friendship and support to those who might be alone or in need, embodying the true spirit of Eid.
5. Engaging in Worship:
   • Recitation and Reflection: Spend part of the day reading the Quran and other Islamic literature. Many followers of the Barelvi tradition, inspired by the works of Ala Hazrat, focus on reciting naats (poetry in praise of the Prophet Muhammad) and other devotional texts.
   • Community Involvement: Participate in community service or volunteer activities as a way of giving back to society.

What to Read on Eid ul-Fitr

Reading and reflection are integral to Eid ul-Fitr. Here are some recommended readings and resources:

Quran and Hadith Collections

• The Holy Quran: Begin with the Quran, focusing on surahs that emphasize gratitude and mercy. Reflect on verses that highlight the significance of fasting and the blessings of Eid.
• Hadith Collections: Books like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim contain numerous narrations about the practices and virtues of Eid ul-Fitr.

Works by Renowned Sunni Scholars

• Ala Hazrat’s Writings: Followers of the Barelvi tradition often turn to the works of Ala Hazrat, a revered Sunni scholar. His teachings provide a deep insight into the spiritual significance of Eid and offer guidance on leading a life in accordance with Islamic principles.
• Dawat-e-Islami Publications: Dawat-e-Islami regularly publishes literature that covers various aspects of Islamic celebrations, including Eid ul-Fitr. These works provide a contemporary perspective on traditional practices and are a valuable resource for believers seeking to understand the modern implications of ancient rituals.

Devotional Poetry and Naats

• Na`ats: These are devotional poems in praise of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Reciting naats is particularly popular among Sunni communities and is a cherished tradition during Eid ul-Fitr, especially in Barelvi circles.
• Islamic Biographies: Reading the biographies of the Prophet and his companions can also enhance one’s understanding of the historical context and the spiritual lessons of Eid.

The History and Different Names of Eid ul-Fitr

Historical Roots

Eid ul-Fitr’s history is deeply interwoven with the early Islamic tradition. Instituted by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the festival has always been a time to mark the end of fasting and the beginning of a renewed spiritual journey. Historical records and Islamic traditions narrate the joyous celebrations that followed Ramadan even during the earliest days of Islam.

Different Names and Regional Variations

While Eid ul-Fitr is the most widely recognized name for this celebration, it is known by various names and carries different nuances in different cultures:

• Ramazan Bayramı: In Turkey, Eid ul-Fitr is celebrated as Ramazan Bayramı, reflecting local customs and cultural influences.
• Sweet Eid or Meethi Eid: In many parts of South Asia, the festival is affectionately called “Sweet Eid” due to the abundance of sweet delicacies prepared during the celebrations.
• Festival of Breaking the Fast: This descriptive name is used across many regions to capture the essence of the day—marking the end of a month-long fast.

Sunni Perspectives on the Historical Context

Within Sunni Islam, the festival is celebrated with deep reverence. Scholars and leaders from movements like Dawat-e-Islami and the Barelvi tradition stress that the historical and spiritual legacy of Eid ul-Fitr is inseparable from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Eminent Sunni scholars, including those who have drawn inspiration from figures like Ala Hazrat, remind believers that the essence of Eid lies in its power to unite, uplift, and purify the spirit.

Sunni Insights and the Role of Dawat-e-Islami

The Sunni interpretation of Eid ul-Fitr is rich with scholarly insight and traditional practices that have been passed down through generations. Organizations such as Dawat-e-Islami play a pivotal role in educating communities about the religious and social dimensions of Eid. Their publications and seminars often highlight the following points:

• Spiritual Discipline: Emphasizing the importance of fasting during Ramadan and the renewal of faith on Eid.
• Community Outreach: Advocating for the practice of Zakat al-Fitr to ensure social justice and the welfare of all community members.
• Adherence to Tradition: Encouraging Muslims to follow the Sunnah of the Prophet, as documented by renowned Sunni scholars and exemplified by leaders like Ala Hazrat.

Dawat-e-Islami’s efforts help believers integrate traditional practices with modern-day challenges, ensuring that the core values of Eid ul-Fitr are upheld in today’s fast-paced world.

Celebrating Eid ul-Fitr: A Personal and Community Journey

Eid ul-Fitr is ultimately a celebration of life and faith—a time when personal reflection meets communal joy. Whether you are part of the Sunni tradition, influenced by the teachings of Ala Hazrat and the Barelvi movement, or you follow the contemporary practices promoted by Dawat-e-Islami, this festival is an invitation to embrace gratitude, share blessings, and foster a spirit of unity.

Personal Reflection and Renewal

Use the lessons learned during Ramadan to set new goals for self-improvement. Reflect on the Quranic verses, the teachings of Sunni scholars, and the personal moments of sacrifice that have led to this day. Let the spirit of Eid inspire you to be kinder, more generous, and more committed to your spiritual journey.

Community Celebration

Gather with family and friends to exchange greetings, share meals, and create lasting memories. Remember that the true essence of Eid lies in the shared joy and the collective reaffirmation of faith. Engage with your local mosque, attend community events, and consider participating in charity drives to help those less fortunate.

The Future of Eid Celebrations

In today’s globalized world, the way we celebrate Eid ul-Fitr continues to evolve. While technology has introduced new ways to connect, the timeless traditions of fasting, prayer, and community remain at the heart of the festival. For many Sunni communities, including those influenced by Dawat-e-Islami and scholars like Ala Hazrat, the core values of Eid serve as a bridge between the past and the future—a legacy of faith that will endure for generations.

Conclusion

Eid ul-Fitr is much more than the end of Ramadan—it is a day of spiritual rejuvenation, communal harmony, and historical significance. From the early morning Eid Salah and the obligatory Zakat al-Fitr to the joyful gatherings and cultural festivities, every aspect of Eid ul-Fitr is imbued with deep meaning. For Sunni Muslims, particularly those guided by the teachings of Dawat-e-Islami and the revered legacy of Ala Hazrat and the Barelvi tradition, this festival is a testament to the enduring power of faith, charity, and unity.

As you celebrate Eid ul-Fitr, take time to reflect on its rich history, explore the diverse traditions that give it character, and immerse yourself in the spiritual readings that inspire your journey. Whether you are observing the day in the heart of a bustling city or in a close-knit community, remember that the essence of Eid ul-Fitr is universal—a celebration of life, a time of gratitude, and a promise of hope.

Eid Mubarak!

• Intention and Preparation: Begin with a sincere intention to connect with the divine message. Make wudu (ablution) and choose a quiet, clean space free from distractions.
• Tajweed (Pronunciation): Strive to recite with proper tajweed, the rules of Quranic pronunciation. This ensures accurate articulation and preserves the beauty of the Arabic language. There are many online resources and teachers available to help improve tajweed.
• Understanding and Reflection: Don’t just read the words; strive to understand their meaning. Read the translation and commentary (tafsir) of the verses to gain deeper insights. Reflecting on the message of the Quran is as important as reciting it.
• Consistency and Schedule: Set a realistic goal for daily recitation. Even a small amount recited consistently is better than sporadic, lengthy sessions. Create a schedule that fits your lifestyle and stick to it as much as possible.
• Listen to Recitations: Listening to skilled reciters can inspire and improve your own recitation. Choose reciters with clear pronunciation and melodious voices.
• Memorization: If possible, try to memorize some verses or surahs. Memorization strengthens your connection with the Quran and allows you to reflect on its message even when you are not actively reciting.
• Seek Guidance: Don’t hesitate to seek guidance from knowledgeable individuals or teachers. They can provide valuable feedback and help you overcome any challenges you may face.
• Create a Routine: Make Quran recitation a part of your daily routine during Ramadan. Find a time that works best for you and stick to it consistently.
• Utilize Technology: There are many apps and online resources available to help with Quran recitation, including translations, commentaries, and audio recitations.
• Focus and Concentration: Minimize distractions and focus your attention on the words of the Quran. Avoid multitasking and create a peaceful environment conducive to recitation. By following these best practices for Quran recitation Ramadan, you can elevate your spiritual experience and draw closer to God during this blessed month.

⚠️ लेकिन सवाल यह होता है कि जब Shaitan बंद हो जाता है तो फिर Ramzan (Ramadan) में लोग Gunahon ka irtikab (committing sins) क्यों करते हैं? Khuraafaat (useless acts) और Maasi (sins) में कैसे फंस जाते हैं? अपने Rabb ki Nafarmani (disobedience of Allah) कैसे कर बैठते हैं? जब कि बहकाने वाला दुश्मन Shaitan बंद होता है।

इसका जवाब यह है कि Shaitan में जो बड़े-बड़े और सरकश होते हैं, वे Muqayyad (chained) कर दिए जाते हैं, लेकिन आम Shayateen (devils) खुले रहते हैं और यही Waswasa (whispering evil thoughts) डालकर Gunah के करीब कर देते हैं।

और दूसरा जवाब यह है कि गुमराह करने वाला एक Androoni Shaitan (inner devil) होता है जो बंद नहीं किया जाता, और दूसरा बाहरी Shaitan होता है जो बंद कर दिया जाता है। और उसी Androoni Shaitan के बहकाने और बुराइयों पर उकसाने से इंसान Gunah करता है और Ramzan ki Hurmat (sacredness of Ramadan) को पामाल कर देता है।

📚 (Mahe Ramzan Aaya, Safah 8)

Hadith narrated by Salman Farsi (R.A.), who said that Prophet (S.A.W.) said: 

“Ramadan is a month whose beginning is mercy, its middle is forgiveness and its end is ransom from the Fire”.

(Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah, Hadith No. 1887)

Ramadan is divided into three parts, known as “Ashra.” Each Ashra signifies a distinct phase of spiritual growth and introspection, accompanied by specific prayers or Duas.

Dua for First Ashra of Ramadan

1st Ashra Dua or Ramadan First Ashra Dua (Phla Ashra ki Dua), also known as ‘Pehle Ashray ki Dua’ in the Urdu language, is a Dua for the first 10 days of Ramazan and many Muslims around the world recite this First Ashra Dua during the entire first 10 days of Ramadan.

First Ashra Dua in Urdu/Arabic

First Ashra Dua in English Transliteration:

Ya hayyu Ya Qayyum Birahmatika Astaghees

Meaning or translation:

“O Living, O Self-Sustaining Sustainer! In Your Mercy do I seek relief

Dua for Second Ashra of Ramadan

2nd Ashra Dua or Ramadan second Ashra Dua (dusra Ashra ki Dua), also known as ‘Dusra Ashray ki Dua’ in the Urdu language, is a Dua for the middle 10 days of Ramadan and many Muslims around the world recite this second Ashra Dua during the entire middle 10 days of Ramadan.

Second Ashra Dua in English Transliteration:

Astaghfirullah Rabbi Min Kulli Zambiyon Wa Atubu Ilaih

Meaning or translation:

I ask forgiveness of my sins from Allah who is my Lord and I turn towards Him

Dua for Third Ashra of Ramadan

Third Ashra Dua or Ramadan Third Ashra Dua (Teesra Ashra ki Dua), also known as ‘Teesra Ashra ki Dua’ in Urdu, is a Dua for the Last 10 days of Ramadan and many Muslims around the world recite this Third Ashra Dua during the entire Last 10 days of Ramadan.

Third Ashra Dua in English Transliteration:

Allahumma Ajirni minan -nar

Meaning or translation:

“O Allah, protect me from Hell”